Indium sulfate nine hydrate is primarily used in the electronics industry for the production of indium-containing compounds and materials. It serves as a precursor in the synthesis of indium tin oxide (ITO), a critical component in the manufacture of transparent conductive coatings for touch screens, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and solar panels. Additionally, it is utilized in electroplating processes to deposit indium layers onto various substrates, enhancing their corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. In research, it acts as a reagent for studying indium chemistry and developing new materials with specific optical or electronic properties. Its application also extends to catalysis, where it participates in certain chemical reactions to improve efficiency and selectivity.