Used in agriculture as a key component in the production of phosphate fertilizers to enhance plant growth and root development. Commonly employed in the food and beverage industry as an acidulant to provide tartness, especially in soft drinks and processed foods. Serves in metal surface treatment processes, such as phosphating, to improve paint adhesion and prevent corrosion on steel surfaces. Utilized in dentistry and orthodontics for etching tooth surfaces to improve bonding of sealants and braces. Acts as a cleaning agent in industrial and household settings for descaling and removing rust due to its moderate corrosiveness. Employed in pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent to adjust pH and stabilize active ingredients.