Used in fertilizer production to provide phosphorus, an essential nutrient for plant growth. Also employed in food and beverage industry as an acidulant, particularly in colas, to impart tartness and act as a preservative. In dentistry, helps etch tooth surfaces for better bonding of fillings and sealants. Widely used in metal treatment processes for rust removal and phosphating to improve paint adhesion. Serves as a cleaning agent in industrial settings due to its ability to dissolve mineral deposits and scale. Also functions as a pH adjuster in various chemical and pharmaceutical formulations.