Used in agriculture as a key component in the production of phosphate fertilizers, enhancing plant growth by providing essential phosphorus. In the food and beverage industry, serves as an acidulant to provide tartness and act as a preservative, especially in colas and processed cheeses. Widely applied in metal surface treatment for rust removal and as a cleaning agent in industrial settings. Also utilized in dentistry and orthodontics to etch tooth surfaces for better adhesion of fillings and braces. In pharmaceuticals, helps in adjusting pH and stabilizing formulations.