Used in fertilizer production to provide phosphorus, a key nutrient for plant growth. Also employed in food and beverage industry as an acidulant, especially in colas, to impart tartness and act as a preservative. In metal treatment, it serves for rust removal and phosphating steel surfaces to improve paint adhesion. Widely used in dental and orthodontic procedures to etch tooth enamel before applying sealants or braces. Acts as a pH adjuster in cosmetics, detergents, and cleaning products. Used in pharmaceuticals as an excipient or active ingredient in some dental treatments. Also utilized in water treatment and as an electrolyte in certain fuel cells.