Used primarily as a hole-transport material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). It helps improve device efficiency by facilitating the movement of positive charges from the anode to the emissive layer. Also employed in perovskite solar cells for its excellent thermal stability and hole-transport capabilities, contributing to higher power conversion efficiency. Its amorphous nature allows for uniform thin-film formation, making it suitable for use in thin-film electronic devices. Additionally, it serves as a key component in some organic photovoltaics and field-effect transistors due to its good charge mobility and film-forming properties.