Used as a hole-transport material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and perovskite solar cells due to its high thermal stability and suitable energy levels for efficient charge transport. Its rigid aromatic structure enhances film formation and device performance. Also employed in optoelectronic devices as a host or dopant in emissive layers to improve efficiency and stability. Shows promise in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) owing to good carrier mobility and morphological stability.