Used primarily as a hole-transporting material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and perovskite solar cells. It helps improve device efficiency by facilitating the movement of positive charges from the anode to the emissive layer. Also employed in photorefractive materials and as a stabilizer in electrophotographic devices due to its excellent thermal stability and resistance to oxidation. Its amorphous nature allows for uniform thin-film formation, making it suitable for use in display technologies and next-generation solar cells.