Widely used in the field of organic electronics, particularly in the fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Its role as a hole-transporting material enhances the efficiency and stability of these devices by facilitating the movement of positive charges. Additionally, it is employed in the development of electrochromic materials, which change color in response to an electric current, making it valuable for smart windows and displays. Its application extends to organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), where it improves charge carrier mobility, contributing to the advancement of flexible and wearable electronics.