Pitavastatin is primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood, helping to reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular conditions. It works by inhibiting an enzyme in the liver that is responsible for producing cholesterol, thereby decreasing the amount of LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides while increasing HDL (good cholesterol). This medication is often prescribed to patients with high cholesterol who have not achieved desired levels through diet and exercise alone. It is also beneficial for individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic condition causing high cholesterol. Additionally, pitavastatin may be used in patients with diabetes or other risk factors for heart disease to prevent complications. Regular monitoring of liver function and cholesterol levels is typically recommended during treatment.