PFI-2 HCl is primarily utilized in biochemical research as a selective inhibitor of the SETD7 methyltransferase enzyme. This application is crucial for studying the role of SETD7 in various cellular processes, including gene expression regulation, cell cycle control, and signal transduction. By inhibiting SETD7, researchers can investigate its impact on diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets. Additionally, PFI-2 HCl is used in epigenetics research to explore the effects of histone methylation on chromatin structure and function, aiding in the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms and their implications in health and disease.