VUF 10166 is primarily used in scientific research as a selective antagonist for the histamine H3 receptor. Its application is significant in studying the role of histamine H3 receptors in the central nervous system, particularly in areas related to cognitive functions, sleep-wake cycles, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Researchers utilize VUF 10166 to explore potential therapeutic interventions for conditions like Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and narcolepsy. Its selectivity makes it a valuable tool for understanding receptor mechanisms and developing targeted treatments.