ML228 is primarily used in research settings as a potent and selective inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2). This makes it valuable for studying cellular responses to low oxygen conditions, particularly in understanding hypoxia-related pathways. It is often employed in experiments to investigate the role of HIF in diseases such as cancer, anemia, and ischemic conditions. By modulating HIF activity, ML228 helps researchers explore potential therapeutic strategies for conditions where oxygen regulation is critical. Its application extends to drug discovery and development, particularly in identifying compounds that can mimic or counteract hypoxia-related effects.