Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pigments, particularly in the production of phenazine-based colorants for textiles and coatings. Serves as a building block in organic semiconductors and electroactive materials for use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and thin-film transistors. Employed in photoredox catalysis due to its ability to undergo reversible oxidation and reduction under light exposure. Acts as a model compound in electrochemical studies, helping to understand electron transfer mechanisms in aromatic heterocyclic systems. Investigated for potential use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a component of hole-transport materials. Also applied in the development of redox mediators for energy storage systems such as flow batteries.