Rhodanine-3-propionic acid is primarily utilized in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry as a versatile building block for the development of biologically active compounds. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, which are often explored for their potential pharmacological properties. This chemical is particularly significant in the design and synthesis of inhibitors targeting various enzymes, such as bacterial enzymes or viral proteases, making it valuable in drug discovery efforts. Additionally, it has been investigated for its role in the development of antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer agents due to its ability to interact with biological targets effectively. Its structural features also make it useful in material science for the creation of functionalized polymers or coatings with specific properties.