Used as a selective adsorbent for heavy metal ions such as mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, nickel, palladium, platinum, and others in wastewater treatment. The thiol groups provide strong affinity for soft metal ions, enabling efficient removal even at low concentrations. Best scavenger for: As, Ir, Ni, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Se. Commonly applied in environmental remediation and industrial effluent purification. Also utilized in solid-phase extraction for pre-concentration of trace metals in analytical procedures. Offers reusability after regeneration with acidic or chelating solutions, making it cost-effective for continuous processes. Stable in acid-base conditions for versatile applications.