Used in the leather tanning industry to remove hair and impurities from animal hides during the liming process. Commonly applied in wastewater treatment to precipitate heavy metals as insoluble sulfides, aiding in pollution control. Employed in the pulp and paper industry to break down lignin in wood during kraft pulping. Utilized in the production of sulfur dyes for textiles, where it acts as a reducing agent and helps in dissolving sulfur for dye formulation. Also used in mining operations for flotation processes to separate metal ores from gangue materials.