KW-2478 is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer treatment, particularly in targeting hematologic malignancies such as multiple myeloma. It functions as an Hsp90 inhibitor, which disrupts the chaperone protein's ability to stabilize oncogenic proteins, leading to the degradation of these proteins and inhibition of cancer cell growth. This mechanism makes it a promising candidate for therapeutic use in combination with other anticancer agents, enhancing their efficacy. Clinical studies have explored its role in improving patient outcomes, especially in relapsed or refractory cases, where conventional treatments have limited success. Its application is focused on providing a targeted approach to cancer therapy, reducing the survival and proliferation of malignant cells.