BG45 is primarily utilized in research settings as a selective inhibitor of HDAC (histone deacetylase) enzymes, particularly HDAC3. Its application is significant in studying epigenetic regulation and gene expression, as HDACs play a crucial role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional control. Researchers employ BG45 to investigate its effects on cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, particularly in cancer biology. It is also used to explore potential therapeutic strategies for diseases linked to aberrant HDAC activity, including neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory conditions. Additionally, BG45 serves as a tool compound to understand the specific roles of HDAC3 in various signaling pathways and its impact on disease progression.