Tubastatin A trifluoroacetic acid salt is a potent and selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), making it a valuable tool in epigenetic research. It is widely used in cellular and molecular studies to investigate the role of HDAC6 in processes such as protein aggregation, cell motility, and immune response. Due to its ability to increase acetylation of α-tubulin without affecting histone acetylation significantly, it helps researchers dissect the specific functions of HDAC6 in cytoskeletal dynamics and intracellular transport. In neurodegenerative disease research, Tubastatin A has shown potential in models of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases by reducing the accumulation of misfolded proteins and improving neuronal function. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by modulating signaling pathways such as NF-κB, which makes it useful in studying inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Additionally, it has been explored in cancer research for its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell migration, particularly in hematological malignancies and metastatic cancers. Its selectivity for HDAC6 over other HDAC isoforms reduces off-target effects, enhancing its utility as a pharmacological probe. Tubastatin A is primarily used in preclinical studies and is not intended for therapeutic use in humans.