MG149 is primarily used in research settings as a selective inhibitor of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 enzymes, which are part of the sirtuin family involved in cellular regulation, aging, and metabolic processes. Its ability to modulate sirtuin activity makes it a valuable tool in studies related to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Researchers use MG149 to investigate pathways linked to cell survival, inflammation, and energy metabolism. It has also been explored for its potential to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy by interfering with tumor cell defense mechanisms. Due to its role in disrupting protein deacetylation, MG149 supports the development of targeted therapies and helps clarify the biological functions of sirtuins in health and disease.