HDAC-42 is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor primarily investigated for its anticancer properties. It functions by increasing histone acetylation, leading to the reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes and inducing cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. It shows particular activity against hematological malignancies and solid tumors in preclinical models. Due to its ability to modulate gene expression and protein acetylation, HDAC-42 is also explored for use in combination therapies with other anticancer agents such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors or chemotherapy drugs to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, it has potential applications in studying epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling in cellular models.