Domatinostat is primarily used in oncology research as a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDAC), particularly HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3. Its main application lies in the development of targeted cancer therapies, especially for hematological malignancies and solid tumors. By modulating gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, domatinostat promotes cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. It has shown potential in preclinical and clinical studies for treating lymphoma, leukemia, and colorectal cancer. Additionally, domatinostat is being investigated for its ability to enhance the effects of other anticancer agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, suggesting a role in combination immunotherapy strategies. Its selectivity for class I HDACs may offer a better safety profile compared to broader HDAC inhibitors.