HDAC3 inhibitors are primarily used in the field of oncology to target and inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase 3, an enzyme involved in the regulation of gene expression. By blocking HDAC3, these inhibitors can reactivate tumor suppressor genes, leading to the inhibition of cancer cell growth and the induction of apoptosis. This makes them valuable in the treatment of various cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors.

In addition to cancer therapy, HDAC3 inhibitors are being explored for their potential in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. They modulate immune responses by altering the expression of genes involved in inflammation, offering a therapeutic approach for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

Neurological disorders are another area of interest. HDAC3 inhibitors have shown promise in preclinical studies for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by promoting neuronal survival and enhancing cognitive function.

Furthermore, HDAC3 inhibitors are under investigation for metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes, where they may influence energy metabolism through epigenetic modifications.

Overall, HDAC3 inhibitors represent a versatile class of compounds with significant therapeutic potential across multiple disease areas.