HLI373 dihydrochloride is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Its application is significant in studying the role of HDACs in cellular processes, including gene expression, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. Researchers utilize this compound to investigate its potential effects on cancer cells, as HDAC inhibition can lead to the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and the induction of cancer cell death. Additionally, it is employed in studies exploring epigenetic modifications and their impact on various diseases. The compound’s ability to modulate HDAC activity makes it a valuable tool in understanding the mechanisms underlying chromatin remodeling and its therapeutic implications.