Widely used as a preservative and disinfectant due to its strong antimicrobial properties. Commonly found in industrial water systems, metalworking fluids, and latex emulsions to prevent microbial growth. Also used in household and institutional disinfectants for hard surface cleaning. Its effectiveness against bacteria, fungi, and yeast makes it suitable for controlling contamination in aqueous environments. Additionally, it serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.