Widely used in palladium- and gold-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, this reagent serves as a highly active precatalyst in forming carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. It is especially effective in coupling aryl halides with amines, alcohols, and other nucleophiles under mild conditions. Its phosphine ligand structure enhances catalyst stability and turnover, making it suitable for reactions involving sterically hindered substrates or electron-deficient partners. Commonly applied in pharmaceutical synthesis and materials science where high efficiency and selectivity are required. Also used in C–H functionalization transformations due to its ability to promote oxidative addition and reductive elimination steps with high fidelity.