SDZ 220-581 hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research settings to study its effects on the central nervous system. It acts as a potent and selective antagonist for certain glutamate receptors, making it valuable for investigating neurological pathways and disorders. Researchers use it to explore its potential in modulating excitatory neurotransmission, which is relevant in conditions like epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and neuropathic pain. Its application in preclinical studies helps in understanding the role of glutamate receptors in brain function and developing therapeutic strategies for neurological conditions.