Guvacine hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research settings, particularly in studies focused on the central nervous system. It acts as a selective inhibitor of GABA uptake, making it valuable for investigating the role of GABAergic neurotransmission in various neurological processes. Researchers use it to explore conditions such as anxiety, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative disorders, as it helps modulate GABA levels in the brain. Additionally, it serves as a tool compound in pharmacological studies to understand the mechanisms of GABA transporters and their potential as therapeutic targets. Its application is largely confined to experimental and preclinical research rather than direct clinical use.