RWJ-51204 is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of neuroscience. It acts as a selective agonist for GABA_A receptors, which play a crucial role in modulating neuronal excitability. This compound is studied for its anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties, making it a candidate for treating anxiety disorders and epilepsy. Its ability to enhance GABAergic neurotransmission without significant sedative effects is of particular interest, as it may offer a favorable side effect profile compared to traditional benzodiazepines. Research is ongoing to explore its efficacy and safety in preclinical and clinical settings.