NPS 2390 is primarily utilized in research settings to study calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR) due to its role as a selective antagonist. It is particularly valuable in understanding the physiological and pathological functions of CaSR in various tissues, including the parathyroid gland, kidneys, and bones. Researchers employ NPS 2390 to investigate its potential therapeutic applications in conditions like hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, and other disorders related to calcium homeostasis. Additionally, it aids in exploring the signaling pathways and mechanisms involving CaSR, contributing to advancements in drug development and targeted therapies.