Orexin 2 receptor agonists are primarily researched for their potential in treating sleep disorders, particularly narcolepsy. These compounds stimulate the orexin system, which plays a crucial role in regulating wakefulness and sleep cycles. By activating the orexin 2 receptor, they promote sustained wakefulness and reduce excessive daytime sleepiness, offering a targeted approach to managing narcolepsy symptoms. Additionally, they are being explored for their potential in addressing other conditions linked to sleep-wake dysregulation, such as insomnia and shift work sleep disorder. Their ability to enhance alertness without the side effects commonly associated with traditional stimulants makes them a promising area of study in sleep medicine.