SH-PEG-SH is widely used in bioconjugation and surface modification due to its thiol-reactive end groups. It is commonly employed to create crosslinked hydrogels, which are essential in drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. The chemical is also utilized in the functionalization of nanoparticles, enhancing their stability and biocompatibility for medical applications such as targeted cancer therapy. Additionally, SH-PEG-SH is used in the modification of gold surfaces for biosensors, improving their sensitivity and specificity in detecting biomolecules. Its ability to form stable bonds with proteins and other biomolecules makes it a valuable tool in the development of advanced biomedical materials.