Mal-amido-PEG1-C2-NHS ester is widely used in bioconjugation and protein modification processes. Its primary application involves linking biomolecules, such as antibodies, peptides, or proteins, to other molecules or surfaces. The NHS ester group reacts efficiently with primary amines, enabling stable amide bond formation, while the PEG spacer enhances solubility and reduces steric hindrance. This compound is particularly valuable in drug delivery systems, where it facilitates the attachment of therapeutic agents to targeting molecules. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of biosensors and diagnostic assays, where precise and stable conjugation is essential for accurate detection and analysis. Its versatility also extends to surface functionalization of nanoparticles and other materials for biomedical research and applications.