Used in neuroscience research to study sodium channel function and neuronal signaling due to its potent neurotoxic properties. Employed as a molecular probe to investigate the mechanisms of action of voltage-gated sodium channels. Also utilized in the development and calibration of detection methods for marine biotoxins in shellfish, helping to monitor and prevent paralytic shellfish poisoning in food safety programs. Limited use in pharmacological studies exploring pain pathways, though its high toxicity restricts broad application.