Used as a proton exchange membrane in fuel cells, enabling efficient conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy by allowing selective proton transport while blocking electrons. Commonly applied in hydrogen fuel cells for clean energy systems, including automotive and stationary power applications. Also utilized in electrolyzers for water splitting to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Serves as a catalyst support in electrochemical devices due to its stability and high surface area. Employed in sensors and superacid catalysts for organic reactions, offering strong acidity with excellent durability. Its ion-selective properties make it suitable for use in chlor-alkali cells, where it separates anolyte and catholyte while conducting ions. Widely valued in electrochemical research and industrial processes requiring robust, ion-conductive materials.