Used in photochemical and photophysical research due to its strong luminescent properties and ability to undergo metal-to-ligand charge transfer when exposed to light. Commonly applied in the development of molecular sensors, especially for detecting DNA and metal ions, because it can intercalate into DNA and change its emission signal upon binding. Also explored in dye-sensitized solar cells and artificial photosynthetic systems as a light-harvesting component. Its stable redox behavior makes it suitable for electrochemiluminescence applications, including bioanalytical assays and imaging techniques.