Used as a fluorescent probe in biochemical and cellular imaging due to its ability to intercalate into DNA and emit fluorescence upon binding. Commonly employed in studies of nucleic acid structure and function, as well as in assays for detecting DNA damage or monitoring gene expression. Also serves as a building block in the synthesis of antimalarial and anticancer agents, leveraging its planar aromatic structure for interaction with biological targets. Shows activity in photodynamic therapy research, where it generates reactive oxygen species under light exposure to kill cancer cells or pathogens. Additionally utilized in the development of sensors for metal ions due to its fluorescence response upon coordination with certain metals.