Used primarily in research to inhibit fatty acid oxidation by targeting carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), etomoxir helps study metabolic pathways in cells. It is applied in investigations of cancer metabolism, where shifting energy production pathways can influence tumor growth. Researchers also use it in cardiovascular studies to examine heart muscle energy utilization, especially under ischemic conditions. In diabetes research, etomoxir aids in understanding insulin resistance linked to lipid metabolism. Additionally, it has been explored in immunology to modulate immune cell function through metabolic reprogramming. Its role remains experimental, mainly serving as a tool compound in preclinical studies.