Used extensively in biochemical research to study enzyme kinetics and mechanisms due to its high catalytic efficiency in converting carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. It plays a critical role in physiological processes, making it valuable for understanding respiratory and pH regulation in biological systems. Additionally, it is employed in industrial applications, such as carbon capture technologies, where it enhances the rate of CO2 absorption and conversion. Its application in medical diagnostics includes use as a biomarker for certain diseases and in the development of inhibitors for therapeutic purposes, particularly in treating glaucoma and altitude sickness.