ARL 67156 is primarily used in research settings as a selective inhibitor of ecto-ATPase, an enzyme that breaks down extracellular ATP. By inhibiting this enzyme, ARL 67156 helps in studying the role of extracellular ATP in various physiological processes, such as neurotransmission, inflammation, and cell signaling. It is particularly valuable in experiments aimed at understanding the mechanisms of purinergic signaling, which involves ATP as a signaling molecule. Researchers also use ARL 67156 to explore its potential therapeutic applications in conditions where ATP signaling is dysregulated, such as chronic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and immune responses. Its ability to modulate ATP levels makes it a useful tool in both in vitro and in vivo studies.