Atractyloside A is primarily used in biochemical research to study mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. It acts as a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, making it a valuable tool for investigating cellular respiration and the mechanisms of ATP transport across mitochondrial membranes. This compound is also utilized in toxicology studies to understand the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in cell death pathways. Additionally, Atractyloside A has been employed in pharmacological research to explore potential therapeutic targets for diseases linked to mitochondrial impairment, such as neurodegenerative disorders and certain types of cancer. Its ability to disrupt energy production makes it a critical agent in elucidating the complex interplay between mitochondrial activity and cellular health.