2-PMPA is primarily used in research settings to study its role as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII). This enzyme is involved in the regulation of glutamate levels in the brain, making 2-PMPA a valuable tool in neuroscience research. It is particularly useful in investigating conditions related to glutamate dysregulation, such as neurodegenerative diseases, neuropathic pain, and psychiatric disorders. By inhibiting GCPII, 2-PMPA helps researchers understand the mechanisms underlying these conditions and explore potential therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it has been studied for its potential neuroprotective effects in models of stroke and other brain injuries.