ONO5046 is primarily utilized in medical research as a selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, an enzyme involved in inflammatory processes. Its application is significant in studying and developing treatments for conditions characterized by excessive inflammation, such as acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. By inhibiting neutrophil elastase, it helps reduce tissue damage and inflammation, making it a valuable tool in understanding and potentially managing these diseases. Additionally, it is used in preclinical studies to explore its therapeutic potential in other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.