Dot1L-IN-5 is primarily used in research settings to study its role as an inhibitor of the Dot1L enzyme, which is involved in the methylation of histone H3. This compound is particularly valuable in understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation and epigenetic modifications. It has shown potential in investigating diseases where Dot1L activity is dysregulated, such as certain types of leukemia. Researchers utilize Dot1L-IN-5 to explore its effects on cell proliferation and differentiation, providing insights into therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic pathways. Additionally, it serves as a tool compound in the development of novel treatments for cancer and other disorders linked to abnormal histone methylation.