TM-5441 is a selective inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). It is primarily used in research settings to study fibrotic diseases, thrombosis, and metabolic disorders. By inhibiting PAI-1, TM-5441 helps reduce extracellular matrix accumulation, making it a candidate for investigating conditions such as liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. It has also shown potential in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in preclinical models of type 2 diabetes. Additionally, TM-5441 is used to explore the role of PAI-1 in cancer progression, as elevated PAI-1 levels are associated with tumor invasion and poor prognosis. Its application remains experimental and is not approved for clinical use.