Used in research to inhibit calpain enzymes, which are involved in cellular processes like apoptosis, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal remodeling. Helps study neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by preventing calpain-mediated protein degradation. Applied in models of brain injury and stroke to reduce neuronal cell death. Also utilized in muscle biology to investigate calpain's role in muscle degradation and conditions like muscular dystrophy. Commonly used in in vitro assays and cell-based studies to probe enzyme function and pathway regulation.