BTSA1 is a small molecule inhibitor that targets the BCL-2 family of proteins, which play a key role in regulating apoptosis (programmed cell death). It is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer therapy, especially in tumors where apoptosis is dysregulated due to overexpression of anti-apoptotic proteins like BCL-2 or BCL-XL. One of the main applications of BTSA1 is in the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. It promotes cancer cell death by selectively activating pro-apoptotic pathways, making it effective in inducing tumor regression in preclinical models. Its selectivity helps reduce damage to healthy cells, potentially lowering side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy. BTSA1 is also being studied in combination with other anticancer agents to overcome drug resistance. In resistant cancer cells that survive due to enhanced anti-apoptotic defenses, BTSA1 can sensitize the cells to other treatments like chemotherapy or targeted therapies, improving overall treatment efficacy. Due to its mechanism of action and favorable pharmacokinetic profile in early studies, BTSA1 serves as a promising lead compound for developing next-generation apoptosis-inducing drugs. Research continues to explore its use in solid tumors and its potential in personalized medicine approaches based on the apoptotic profile of individual cancers.