BO-264 is primarily used in research settings as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of bioactive lipid mediators known as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and analgesic properties. By inhibiting sEH, BO-264 helps increase the levels of EETs in the body, thereby enhancing their protective effects. Due to this mechanism, BO-264 is investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in conditions involving inflammation, pain, and cardiovascular dysfunction. It has shown promise in preclinical models of neuropathic pain, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases such as arthritis. Its ability to modulate pain pathways without acting on opioid receptors makes it a candidate for developing non-addictive pain treatments. Additionally, BO-264 is used as a pharmacological tool to study the role of the sEH pathway in various disease models, helping researchers understand the broader implications of lipid signaling in health and disease.