RG7112 is a potent and selective inhibitor of MDM2 (mouse double minute 2 homolog), a key negative regulator of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By disrupting the MDM2-p53 interaction, RG7112 activates the p53 pathway in cancer cells that have wild-type p53, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor growth. It has been investigated primarily in preclinical and early clinical studies for the treatment of various cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), solid tumors, and other hematological malignancies. Its application is particularly relevant in tumors where p53 function is suppressed due to overexpression of MDM2. RG7112 serves as a prototype for targeted cancer therapies aiming to restore p53 activity and has contributed to the development of next-generation MDM2 inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetic and safety profiles.